Putin may be on to something...

Russia's president Vladimir Putin reportedly participated in a trial for an intranasal COVID-19 vaccine booster to improve mucosal protection from SARS-CoV-2. A recent study in mice, published last week in Nature Communications, also supports a mucosal booster strategy to enhance protection from SARS-CoV-2. Lapuente, Tenbusch and colleagues demonstrated that intranasal boosts with adenoviral vectors following an initial systemic mRNA vaccine induce high levels of mucosal IgA and lung-resident memory T cells with increased mucosal neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 including virus variants of concern.